Neutron radiation can be blocked by which substance?

Neutron radiation is composed of neutrons, which are neutral particles and can penetrate various materials. Hydrogen-rich materials are particularly effective at slowing down and absorbing neutrons due to the presence of hydrogen nuclei, which have a similar mass to neutrons. When neutrons collide with hydrogen nuclei, they can transfer energy and be captured more effectively than with heavier materials. This characteristic makes hydrogen-rich substances, such as water or polyethylene, excellent at attenuating neutron radiation.

Other materials may provide some degree of shielding, but they are generally less effective than hydrogen-rich materials. For instance, concrete contains heavier elements that can help shield against other types of radiation, but it is not as effective for neutron radiation. Similarly, while wood and plastic are useful for shielding against some forms of radiation, their effectiveness against neutrons is limited compared to hydrogen-rich materials. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for selecting the appropriate shielding in environments where neutron radiation is present.