Which particle is responsible for a positive electric charge in an atom?

The proton is the particle responsible for a positive electric charge in an atom. Protons are found in the nucleus alongside neutrons and carry a positive charge of +1. This positive charge plays a crucial role in balancing the negative charge of electrons, which orbit the nucleus. The number of protons in an atom defines the element and determines its chemical properties. For instance, hydrogen has one proton, while helium has two, leading to their distinct behaviors in chemical reactions.

In contrast, electrons carry a negative charge, and neutrons are neutral, meaning they have no charge. Ions refer to atoms that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net charge; however, they are not fundamental components of atomic structure in the same way that protons, neutrons, and electrons are. Understanding the role of protons is essential for grasping basic atomic theory and chemistry.